(RETURN)


                II. Lithographs -

                 N. CURRIER and CURRIER & IVES


                A. CLIPPER SHIPS AND OTHER SAIL


                  ADELAIDE- 1831 (American measurement0
                  1694t (british measurement) 1854 New York
                 - Off SandyHook. "Hove to for a pilot".
 Built
                  to be a Liverpool packet she started in the California
                  trade because of the demand for tonnage.  In 1860
                  she went to Liverpool and eantered the trade for
                  which she was built, She established a reputation
                  for seaworthiness and speed..In 1875 she was
                  reported lost.
                
                  From a coloured lithograph by Currier & Ives, 1856
                  Sketch  by J Smith & Son,  On stone by C. Parsons.
                  "American Clipper Ships, Vol. I" by O. T. Howe &
                  F.C. Matthews (Marine Research Society, Salem Mass.1926)



'
                 "The Clipper Yacht 'AMERICA' Winner of the
                  Royal Yacht Squadron's Cup".  In August 1851,
                  the American yacht won the Cup in theRoyal
                  Yacht  Squadron 's 53 mile 
(85 kn) yacht race
                  around the Isle of Wight.  The Cup subsequently
                  became
the "America Cup.
                
                Pubblished by Currier & Ives
                (Vanessa Rudisill Stern's Gallery
                of Currier & Ives Lithographs)
                C1175  G1282   
     
         


                 COMET - 1,836t  1851 New York. 
                 An extreme clipper built by William H. Webb.
                  She was regarded as on of the fastest sailors and
                 successful sailing ships of her time.
In the voyage
                 pictured in the  N. Currier lithograph, she made a
                 record passage of 103 days to San Francisco,  
                 In
1863, she was purchased by the Black Ball Line
                 of Liverpool for its
Queensland service.and renamed
                 FIERY STAR. 1n April 1865 on a return
 voyage
                 from Moreton Bay, Queensland, a fire in her wool
                 cargo  which resulted
in her loss.  
                
"In a hurricane off Bermudaon her voyage from
                 New York to San Francisco October 2, 1852."   

                 
                 Del. C. Parsons; Lith. by N. Currier;
                  published by N. Currier 1855
                 "Clipper Ships - Currier & Ives Prints No. 3"  
                  (The Studio Limited, London 1932)





                 CHALLENGE - 2,006t 1851 New York.  
                 Built by William H . Webb,
she was the largest
                 and longest  vessel buit at that time. Her owners

                 expected an initial record breaking voyage to
                 California and China,
and she was then to go to
                 England to race any British clipper, the
winner
                 to take both vessels. Bad weather and a mutiny
                 on her
maiden voyage tp San Francico did not
                 enhance her reputation.  Subsequently
 in 1852,
                 she carried tea to London and reached the
                 Downs in 105
days.  In 1861 she was sold,
                 renamed GOLDEN CITY and put in the
China
                 and India trade with Hong Kong as hailing port.

                 In 1866 she was bought by British owners and
                 put in the Java and
Bombay trade  On a voyage
                 to Java and in a gale off the Cape of
Good Hope
                 a wave swept seven men off the deck killing all
                 the
officers excepth the third mate  On her next
                 voyage in 1876, she
was wrecked off the French
                 coast. . 

               
                 F. Brown Del.,  Published by N. Currier 1852
                 "American Clipper Ships, Vol. I" by O.T. Howe & F.C Matthews
                 (Marine and Research Society, Salem, Mass. 1926)




                 CUMBERLAND - U.S. Frigate, 54 guns.
                The flag ship of
 the Gulf Squadron.
                
                 Lithograph in colour by N. Currier, published 1848
                 "The Sea Its History & Romance IV" by Frank C. Bowen
                 (Halton & Truscott Smith, Ltd., London 1930)




                 DREADNOUGHT- 1413t 1853 Newburyport, Mass.
                 "Off  Tuscar Light"
                 Built for the Red Cross Line of New York and Liverpool  packets,
                 She completed 31 return voyages between New York and Liverpool
                 in the ten years from Dec.1853 to Feb. 1864. In 1864, she was put
                 on the New York to SanFrancisco run  She met her end when she
                 came ashore rounding Cape Horn in July 1869.  After much hardship
                 the crew were rescued by a Norwegian ship..
                 
                 D. McFarlane, artist; C.H. Parsons, delineator.
                 N. Currier 1856
                 (Vanessa Rudisill Stern's Gallery
                 of Currier & Ives Lithographs
)




                 DREADNOUGHT - "Off Sandy Hook February 23rd 1954,
                 nineteen days from Liverpool."

                 
                 From a coloured lithograph N. Currier published in 1854.
                 The lithograph is after a painting by J.E. Butterworth, and
                 C. Parsons was the Delineator.
                 "American Clipper Ships Vol. I" by O.T. Howe & F. Matthews
                 (Maine Research Society, Salem, Mass. 1926)




                 FLYING CLOUD - 1,750t 1851 East Boston.
                 An extreme clipper uilt by Donald McKay fro a
                 New York firm.  In her first voyage from New
                 York in June 1851, she reached San francisco in
                 89 days and 21 hoursthe anchor to anchor. The

                 second fastest passage made despite the loss of the
                 main and mizzen top gallant masts three days out of
                 New York.In her fourth voyage from New York in
                 January 1854 she was 89 days 9 hours anchor to
                 anchor to San Francico. A record the stood until
                 the late 1880s.In a voyage. In her sixth and last
                 Cape Horn passage in 1856, she made herfastest
                 day's run of her career of 492 nautical miles. She
                 was laid up in San Francisco until 1857 then in New
                 York was laid up for two years nine month.  In  Dec.
                 1859 she went to Enland and loaded at London  and
                 carried a cargo from Foochow back to London.In
                 1861 she went to Melbourn and then Hongkong
                  where she was offered for sale, freight or charter
                  and was engaged to carry troops back to London.
                  At some point she had pased to British owners and
                  and entered the Australian trade carrying immigrants
                  to Queensland.  On one account,she made a reord
                  passage in 1867
from London to Moreton Bay of 71
                  days and on another account made
a passage of 87
                  days to Hervey's Bay,
north Queensland.in 1870.
                  She ended her days in the trade
between St Johns
                  and London.  In 1874, she went
ashore near St Johns.  
                  She broke her back and was
condemned and sold.  
                  She was burnt for her copper
and metal fastenings. . 
               
                Del. F.Brown Jr; Lith. by N. Currier; published by N. Currier 1852
                ClipperShips - Currier & Ives Prints No. 3
                (The Studio Limited, London 1932)




                GREAT REPUBLIC - 4,555t 1853 Boston, Mass.  Launched in October
                1853,
 she made a passage to New York where after loading cargo for
                Liverpool her rigging
caught fire from embers of  buildings on fire.  The
                vessel was salvaged  and rebuilt to
a lesser tonnage of 3,357t and a
                reduced sail plan. She sailed to Europe in February
1855 still the largest
                sailing ship in the world.  She was chatrtered by the French
Government
                as a transport for the Crimean War.In late 1856, she was in the New
York-
                California trade. In 1869, she was sold to a liverpool company, renamed

                DENMARK, and put in the East India trade.  In 1872, she sprang a leak
                off Bermuda
and was abandoned.  
               
               Artist:J.F. Butterworth; Lith. by N.Currier; published 1853 
               "Clipper Ships - Currier & Ives Prints No. 3"
               (The Studio Limited, London 1932)





                 LIGHTNING - 2,084t 1854 East Boston, Mass. - Built by
                 Doald McKay for James Baines. Black Ball Line of Liverpool.
                 In the Australian emigrant trade she made made a record
                 passage from Melbourne to Liverpool.  She is regarded as
                 one of the fastest sailing ship of her time. She was destroyed
                 by fire at Melbourne in October 1869.

                
                Del. C. Parsons; Lith. by N. Currier; published 1854 
                (Vanessa Rudisill Stern's Gallery of Currier &
                Ives Lithographs
)  C1158  G1275




                NIGHTINGALE - 1,066t 1851 Portsmouth, N.H.,U.S.A. Built to
                exhibit at the London Wolrld Fair 1851. Because of financial difficulties
                to a Salem firm and sent ot Rio de Janeiro where she was again sold.
                Under the Brazilian flag became an African slave trader. Circa 1860,
                captured by a U.S. naval vessel and  sent back to the United States
                as a prize.  She served as an armed cruiser during the American Civil
                War. After the war she was sold to Norwegian interests.  Abandoned
                at sea in 1893.
               .
                 Del. C. Parsons; Lith. N. Currier; published 1854
                 (Old Ship PictureGalleries - http://www.photoship.co.uk)




                OCEAN EXPRESS - 1,483t  n.m. 1854 Medford, Mass..  
                In the Pacific trade until1863 when she was sold to James
                Baines of Liverpool's. Blackball Line. She was  renamed
                LIGHT  BRIGADE and in the  Australian emigrant trade.
                In 1875, she was barque rigged with new London owners.
                She was subsequently in the Quebec timber trade and in
                1883 after arrivived in Queenstown from New York leaking
                badly.  Sometime later  she was converted into a coal hulk
                at Gibralter.
                
               Outward bound, "Discharging the pilot"                                                                                      
               Sketched by  J. Smith & Sons, Brooklyn, L.I.
               
On stone by C. Parsos
               Lith. & Pub. by Currter & Ives - 1856
               (Vanessa Rudisill Stern's Gallery of Currier
               & Ives Lithographs)

                                                                                



               QUEEN OF CLIPPERS - 2,361 (American measurement)
               1853 East Boston, Mass. Built for the California Gold Rush.
               In her maiden voyage to the Pacific she started from New
               York in June 1853 with 3,000 tons of freight.  She had
               developed a serious  leak  by the time she reached San
               Francico.  On her return journey she  went into Callao, Peru,
               from where she left in ballast in Feb. 1854 but was forcedd to
               go into Bahia during her return passage  because of the leak.
               She reached New York in June 1854. She subsequently went
               to Liverpool and then the Mediterranean.  During the
               Crimean War she was chartered by the French Government.
 
             In 1856, she wa s reportedly sold to Marseilles owners  She
               is reported to have been lost a few years later but there are
               no details. 

               
                Lith. and Published by N. Currier
                (Royal Museums Greenwich, London - PAD6462)




                 RACER- 1,669t (o.m.) 1851 Newburyport, Mass. Built to be
                 a packet in the Red Cross Line between  New York and Liverpool.
                 After two return voyages to Liverpool.she was put on the New
                 York to San Francisco. run. She reached San Francisco in Oct.
                 1852, an then crossed to Shanghai and then to London wher she
                 arrived. in Dec. 1853.  She obtained a lucrative charter to Sydney
                 then went to Calcutta before returning to London.. In 1854 she
                 agin voyaged from London to Syney, Calcutta returning to London.
                 In May 1856 she left Liverpool for New York she struck on the
                 Arklow Bank on the east coast of Ireland  and was abandoned.
                 The passengers and crew were returned to Liverpool.
                 
                 From a coloured lithograph by N.Currier published in 1854.
                 C. Parsons, Del.: N.Currier, Lith.
                 "American Clipper Ships Vo. II" by O.T. Howe & F. Matthews
                 (Marine Research Society, Salem, Mass. 1926)



                 .
                 RED JACKET - 2305t 1853 Rockland, Me :
                 An extreme clipper considered by many as the
                 most handsome
of  the American built clippers.
                 Designed by Samuel H. Pook and
built by George
                 Thomas at Rockland, Maine.  Launched in Nov.

                 1853, she was towed to New Yok for spars and
                 rigging. Her first
voyage in Jan. 1854 was to
                 Liverpool  for coppering and was in a record

                 13 days 1 hour 25 minutes (dock to dock).
                 Chartered by the White
Star Line for a round
                 trip Liverpool-Melbourn  she departed in  May
                 1854
and arrived there in 69 days 11 hours.  Her
                 experience of ice on her return
voyage to Liverpool
                 was portrayed in lithographs  by J.R. Isaac in
                 Liverpool and
 N. Currier in New York.  She was
                 purchased by the White Star line after this voyage and
                 in the Australian trade until its decline in the middle 60s.
                 In 1865, she went to  Calcutta  and subsequently to other
                 ports. In 1868, she wa still listed as owned by White Star
                 but shortly therafter was sold and was put into the timber
                 trade between Quebec and London.She was still in this
                 trade in 1882.  She ebded her days as a coal hulk at
                 Cape Verde
                 In the ice off Cape Horn  on her passage from
                 Australia to Liverpool,August 1854.

                
                 Drawn by J.B. Smith & Son,Brooklyn LI; drawn on
                 stone by C. Parsons; and published by N. Currier 1855
                 "Clipper Ships -Currier & Ives Prints No. 3"
                 (The Studio Limited, London 1932)





                  SOVEREIGN OF THE SEAS - 2421t 1852 East Boston, Mass.
                  Built by Donald McKay as a speculation.  His aim was to build
                  a clipper that would outsail his earlier triumph FLYING CLOUD..                 
                  Handsome and larger and longer than any of Mc Kays previous
                  clippers she attracted public attention from the time of her
                  launching.
 On her maiden voyage from New York to San Francisco
                  she was
 loaded with the largest cargo (about 2,950 tons) ever
                  despatched
 from the port of New York   She lwas delayed by loss
                  of her main
and fore topmasts in a gale in her voyage to San
                  Francisco. From there she went Honolulu where she obtained a
                  cargo of whale oil and returned to New York in 88 days.  During
                  this voyage, she attained
 the highest rate of speed on record -
                  6215 statute miles in 22 days..
 Her second voyage in une 1853 was
                  to Liverpool in 13 days 22hours and 50 minutes dock to dock. In
                  Liverpool she was chartered  by James Baines' Black Ball line for a
                 voyage  to Melbourne and return. She reached Melbourne in 77 days.
                 She was sold to the Hamburg firm of J.C. Godeffroy.on her return.
                 She left Liverpool for a second voyage to Australia in August 1854
                 under the new owners.  She lost a topmast near Cape Horn amnd
                 when
she went on to Shangai she grounded at Woosung.  In the next
                 voyage from Hamburg to China,
11 cew members died of cholera
                 on the return
voyage.  In 1859 on a vyage from Hamburg to China
                 she ran aground on
 Pyramid Shoal in the Malacca Straits and was
                 a total loss..

                
                 Del. F.Brown Jr.,  Lith. N. Currier, published by N.Currier1852 
                 "Clipper Ships - Currier & Ives Prints No. 3"
                 (The Studio Limited, London 1932)




                 
                SWEEPSTAKES -1,735t (old measurements) 1853 New York
                An extreme clipper ship built for speed and heavily spared.
.
                Her first voyage from New York in Sept. 1853 was to San francisco
                then to Hongkong, Whampoa  nad Macao, and 110 days to New
                York.  In her second voyage, beginning in Oct. 1854 she went to
                San Francisco, Shanghai.and then London before returning home.
                In her third voyage she went to Shanghai and the back to New
               York, .her fourth voyage from NewYork in May 1857 was to
                Bombay and back  Her next voyage in Jan, 1859 wa to San
                Francisco, Honkong and Manila and back to New York.her final
                voyage in 1860 took her to Melbourne, toQueensland with a cargo
                of sheep, Adelaide and to Batavia via the Sunba Straits;  She
                stranded for ten hours in the Straits and the cost of repairs after a
                survey of the damage were such that the vessel was soldand ended
                her career.
               
                 Lith. F.F. Palmer; Lith. N.Currier; publshed by N. Currier 1858
                "Clipper Ships - Currier & Ives Prints No. 3"
                 (The Studio Limited, London 1932)  





                 THREE BROTHERS - 3,369t 1857 Greenpoint, New York  - 
               
 Launched in 1857 as the paddle steamer VANDERBILT
                 for Cornelius Vanderbily's  New York -  Havre service.
                 Chartered to the Union Army after the outbreak of the
                 Civil War.  Commissioned in the U.S. Navy in Sept. 1862
                 as U.S.S. VANDERBILT with a battery of fifteen guns.
                 She was initially engaged in the seach for Confederate
                 commerce raiders and later in the blockade of Confederacy.
                 She was sold in 1873 to a San Francico company which
                 removed her machinery and converted her to a sailing ship
                 with a clipper bow  renamed THREE BROTHERS.  She
                 sailed in the grain trade between San Francisco,  Le Havre,
                 Liverpool, and New York.  She eventually became coal hulk
                 and in 1899 was sold for scrap.
                 "Clipper Ship Three Brothers, 2972 tons
 
.               The  Largest Sailing Ship in the World"
                
                'The largest sailing ship in the world.'
                 Lith. & Pub. by Currier & Ives. Published 1875.
                "Clipper Ships - Currier & Ives Prints No. 3"
                 (The Studio Limited, London 1932)





                WITCH OF THE WAVES - 1,494t (old measurements)
                1851 Portsmouth, N.H. An extreme clipper ship. On her
                maiden voyage from Boston she went to Sanfrancisco,
                then Hongkong,  She collected a cargo of tea at
                Whampoa (Canton) for London and reached the Downs
                in 90 days. Then back to Boston.  Her secon voyage
                took her to San Francisco, Hongkong, Singapore,
                Calcutta and back to Boston breaking a number of
                records on the way. Her third voyage followed the same
                route.  Then leaving Boston in Sept. 1854  she went to
                Batavia and then Amsterdam where she was. chartered
                for a return voyage to Batavia. When this was completed
                she was purchased by Amsterdam merchants and
                renamed ELECTRA. She sailed under the Dutch flag for
                many years and was still on the Register in 1871.
                
                Lit. & pub. N. Currier
                (The Old Ship Picture Gallery)
                 
               ..

                YOUNG AMERICA (1961 tons - old measurements,
                1853 New York).  An extreme clipper, heavilysparred
                and fast. She was built by William  H. Webb and was
                regarded as his masterpiece.  Between  1853 and 1882,
                she made 20 passages from New York to San Francisco,
                3 from Liverpool and one from Amsterdam. She was
                popular with shippers and made a lot of money for her
                owners.  She was sold to Austrian owners in Late 1882
                and put in the trans-Atlantic trade.  In February 1996
                she saiked from Delaware Breakwater and was not heard
                from again.
                 
                F.F.Palmer Lith.
                N. Currier Lith and Publisher 1853 
                (Vaness Rudisill Stern's Gallery of
                Currier & Ives Lithographs)





               SOURCES

               Clipper Ship Prints Including Other Merchant Sailing Ships
               by N. Currier and Currier & Ives Ives compiled by Fred J. Peters
               (Antique Bulletin Publishing Company, New York 1930)

               
               Currier & Ives Prints No. 3: Clipper Ships - Introduction
               by Captain Felix Riesenberg (The Studio Limited, London 1932)

               Vanessa Rudisill Stern's  "Callery of Currier & Ives Lithographs"
               http://freepages.rootsweb.ancestry.com/-vstern                    

               Royal Museums, Greenwich, London
               http;//images.rmg.co.uk

               The Sea Its History And Romance IV by Frank C. Bowen
               (Halton & Truscott Smith, Ltd., London 1926)

               The Old Ship Picture Gallery
               http://www.photoship.co.uk


               American Clipper Ships, Vols, I & II, by O.T. Howe & F. Matthews
               (The Marine Research Society. Salem, Mass. 1926)

               Some Famous Sailing Ships and Their Builder, Donald McKay
               by Richard C. McKay (G.P.Putnam's Sons, New York
              Third Printing 1931
)

           Wikipedia



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